Te – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Gilead Sciences, Jansenn Pharmaceuticals; Grant/Research Support: Abbvie, BMS Hugo E. Vargas PD-0332991 ic50 – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Eisai; Grant/Research Support: Merck, Gilead, Idenix, Novartis, Vertex, Janssen, Bristol Myers, Ikaria, AbbVie Robert S. Brown – Advisory Committees or Review Panels:

Vital Therapies; Consulting: Genentech, Gilead, Merck, Abbvie, Janssen; Grant/Research Support: Gilead, Merck, Vertex, AbbVie, Salix, Janssen, Vital Therapies Fredric D. Gordon – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Gilead, AbbVie; Grant/Research Support: BMS, Vertex, Gilead, AbbVie Josh Levitsky – Consulting: Transplant Genomics Inc; Grant/Research Support: Novartis; Speaking and Teaching: Gilead, Salix Norah Terrault – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Eisai, Biotest; Consulting: BMS, Merck; Grant/Research Support: Eisai, Biotest, Vertex, Gilead, AbbVie, Novartis, Merck James R. Burton – Grant/Research Support: Vertex pharaceuticals, Abbvie pharmaceuticals, Gilead pharmaceuticals, Janssen pharmaceuticals Wangang Xie – Employment: AbbVie Carolyn Setze

– Employment: AbbVie; Stock Shareholder: AbbVie Prajakta Badri – Employment: Abbvie; Stock Shareholder: Abbvie Regis A. Vilchez – Employment: AbbVie Inc. Xavier Forns – Consulting: Jansen, MSD, Abbvie; Grant/Research Support: Roche, MSD, Gilead “
“Inflammation and lipid metabolism pathways are linked, and deregulation of this interface may be critical in hepatic steatosis. The importance of the dialog between inflammatory signaling pathways

and the unfolded click here protein response (UPR) in metabolism has been underlined. Herein, we studied the role of CD154, a key mediator of inflammation, in hepatic steatosis. To this end, Balb/c mice, wild-type or deficient in CD154 (CD154KO), were fed a diet rich in olive oil. In vitro, the effect of CD154 was studied on primary hepatocyte cultures and hepatocyte-derived cell lines. Results showed that CD154KO mice fed a diet rich in olive oil developed hepatic steatosis associated with reduced apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100) expression and decreased secretion of very low-density lipoproteins. This phenotype correlated with an altered UPR as assessed by reduced X-Box binding protein-1 (XBP1) messenger Glutathione peroxidase RNA (mRNA) splicing and reduced phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2α. Altered UPR signaling in livers of CD154KO mice was confirmed in tunicamycin (TM) challenge experiments. Treatment of primary hepatocyte cultures and hepatocyte-derived cell lines with soluble CD154 increased XBP1 mRNA splicing in cells subjected to either oleic acid (OA) or TM treatment. Moreover, CD154 reduced the inhibition of apoB100 secretion by HepG2 cells grown in the presence of high concentrations of OA, an effect suppressed by XBP1 mRNA silencing and in HepG2 cells expressing a dominant negative form of inositol requiring ER-to-nucleus signaling protein-1.