0 %, CI 54.3, 59.6) and colon cancer (62.0 %, CI 59.4, 64.6). However, 27.1 % (CI 23.0, 31.6) of

physicians overestimated the ovarian cancer risk among women at the same risk as the general population, and 65.1 % (CI 60.2, 69.7) underestimated ovarian cancer risk among women at much higher risk than the general population. Physicians overestimated colon more than ovarian cancer risk (38.0 %, CI 35.4, 40.6 vs. 27.1 %, CI 23.0, 31.6) for women at the same risk as the general population. CONCLUSIONS: Physicians’ misestimation of patient ovarian and colon cancer risk may put average risk patients in jeopardy of unnecessary screening and higher risk patients in jeopardy of missed opportunities for prevention or early detection of cancers.”
“Exposure to high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid predisposes spermatozoa to lipid peroxidation, resulting in their decreased fertility. Ginger powder (GP), which is high in antioxidative compounds, was fed to aged GSI-IX breeder roosters to improve their reproductive performance. SN-38 cell line Seventy-five 52-wk-old Cobb 500 breeder roosters randomly received either 0 (GP(0)), 15 (GP(15)), or 30 (GP(30)) g of GP/kg of diet for 14 consecutive wk,

during which time their seminal characteristics were evaluated every 2 wk. At the end of the trial, semen samples were tested for determination of sperm fatty acid (FA) concentration and seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, sperm penetration was JQ-EZ-05 in vivo assayed, and using 225 artificially inseminated hens, fertility and hatchability rates were determined. Dietary GP improved sperm forward motility, live sperm percentage, and sperm plasma membrane integrity. These were associated with a decrease in the percentage of abnormal sperm. The seminal TBA reactive species concentration

was lower in birds belonging to the GP(30) treatment in comparison with those in the GP(15) and GP(0) treatments. The feeding of GP resulted in overall decreases and increases in sperm saturated and unsaturated FA, respectively. The n-6: n-3 FA ratio of sperm was decreased in the GP(30) group in comparison with controls. The highest levels of sperm C20: 4(n-6) and C22: 6(n-3) FA were recorded in the GP(15) and GP(30) treatments, respectively. A higher percentage of sperm C22: 4(n-6) FA was found in GP-fed roosters. Seminal plasma total antioxidant capacity was considerably improved by the GP(15) and GP(30) treatments. Further, a higher number of perivitelline membrane sperm penetration holes was recorded for the GP(30) treatment in comparison with the GP(15) and GP(0) treatments. Interestingly, although hatchability, chick quality, and embryonic mortality were not affected by dietary treatment, fertility rate was improved by the feeding of GP. In conclusion, dietary GP improved most of the seminal characteristics evaluated in aged roosters of this study, suggesting that it has potential for use in attenuating age-related subfertility in senescent male commercial broiler breeders.