5).

Conclusions: Only half of critically ill patients’ surrogates participated in CPR discussions. For those who did participate, most reported good understanding of resuscitation techniques, but less than half recalled the core components of CPR. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“We report on the structural and electronic properties of swift heavy ion (SHI)

irradiated pristine TiO2 thin films, deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering on sapphire substrates. The high resolution x-ray diffraction and Raman measurements show a structural phase transition from anatase to admixture of brookite and rutile phases of TiO2 with increasing SHI fluence followed by a significant distortion in the TiO6 octahedra. The modification in the electronic structure stimulated by SHI irradiation has been investigated using selleck compound x-ray absorption (XAS) experiments at the O K and Ti L-3,L-2 absorption edges. The O K edge spectra clearly indicate the splitting of the pre-edge spectral features having t(2g) and e(g) symmetry bands due to structural disorder/distortion induced by irradiation. The intensity of the SHI generated components www.selleckchem.com/products/Y-27632.html at the O K edge increases monotonically, which can be correlated to the modification in unoccupancies associated with O 2 p orbitals hybridized with Ti 3 d states. The XAS spectra at the Ti L-3,L-2 edge further authenticate that SHI creates a controlled structural

disorder/distortion in the TiO6 octahedra. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3657466]“
“Non-intermingling, adjacent populations of cells define compartment boundaries; such

boundaries are often essential for the positioning and the maintenance of tissue-organizers during growth. In the developing wing primordium of Drosophila melanogaster, signaling by the secreted protein Hedgehog (Hh) is required for compartment boundary maintenance. However, the precise mechanism of Hh input remains poorly understood. Here, we combine experimental observations Tariquidar price of perturbed Hh signaling with computer simulations of cellular behavior, and connect physical properties of cells to their Hh signaling status. We find that experimental disruption of Hh signaling has observable effects on cell sorting surprisingly far from the compartment boundary, which is in contrast to a previous model that confines Hh influence to the compartment boundary itself. We have recapitulated our experimental observations by simulations of Hh diffusion and transduction coupled to mechanical tension along cell-to-cell contact surfaces. Intriguingly, the best results were obtained under the assumption that Hh signaling cannot alter the overall tension force of the cell, but will merely re-distribute it locally inside the cell, relative to the signaling status of neighboring cells. Our results suggest a scenario in which homotypic interactions of a putative Hh target molecule at the cell surface are converted into a mechanical force.