This scoping review endeavors to locate pertinent theories regarding digital nursing practice, thereby informing future use of digital technologies by nurses.
A review of relevant theories pertaining to digital technology in nursing practice was conducted, adhering to the methodology prescribed by Arksey and O'Malley. Every piece of published writing available as of May 12, 2022, was taken into account.
Seven databases, including Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, ACM Digital Library, IEEE Xplore, BNI, and Web of Science, were used. In addition, a Google Scholar search was carried out.
Search terms included the combination of (nurs* and [digital or technological or e-health or ehealth or digital health or telemedicine or telehealth] and theory).
The database search yielded a count of 282 citations. Nine articles, having passed the screening criteria, were incorporated into the review. The description presented eight distinct and separate nursing theories.
The theories highlighted the interconnectedness of technology's role in society and its application within nursing. Nursing practice enhancement through technology, along with health consumers' effective utilization of nursing informatics, technology as a vehicle for expressing care, preserving human interaction, understanding the dynamic relationship between human and non-human elements, and crafting new caring technologies, alongside existing approaches. Three themes, including technology's role as a patient environment agent, nurse-technology interactions for patient understanding, and nurses' technological proficiency, were identified. Employing Actor Network Theory (ANT) as a zoom-out lens, a mapping of concepts for the Digital Nursing project (LDN) was proposed. This research represents the initial application of a new theoretical framework to the domain of digital nursing.
This first synthesis of key nursing concepts establishes a theoretical perspective for digital nursing applications. This functional capacity enables zooming in on various entities. This early scoping study on a currently under-explored realm of nursing theory did not leverage patient or public contributions.
In this study, we undertake a novel synthesis of key nursing theories, aiming to add a theoretical dimension to the practice of digital nursing. This tool offers a functional approach to zooming in on various entities. Because this was a pilot scoping study addressing a relatively unexplored area of nursing theory, there were no patient or public contributions.

Recognition of organic surface chemistry's impact on inorganic nanomaterials' attributes exists in some cases, but a detailed understanding of its mechanical consequences is lacking. The global mechanical properties of a silver nanoplate are shown to be adjustable according to the localized binding enthalpy of its surface ligands. Employing a continuum core-shell model for nanoplate deformation, it is observed that the particle's interior maintains its bulk properties, while the surface shell's yield strength is influenced by the surface chemistry. Surface ligand coordination strength directly influences the degree of lattice expansion and disordering observed in atoms of the nanoplate's surface, as confirmed by electron diffraction experiments, relative to the core. Due to this, plastic deformation of the shell presents a greater obstacle, leading to an increase in the plate's overall mechanical strength. The nanoscale presents a size-dependent coupling of chemistry and mechanics, as demonstrated by the findings.

Low-cost and highly-efficient transition metal electrocatalysts are crucial for the sustainable accomplishment of hydrogen evolution reactions in alkaline environments. A cooperative boron and vanadium co-doped nickel phosphide electrode, designated B, V-Ni2P, is created to control the inherent electronic structure of Ni2P and accelerate hydrogen evolution reactions. Through both experimental and theoretical studies, it has been shown that Vanadium doping in Boron (B), particularly in the V-Ni2P configuration, drastically improves the efficiency of water splitting. Furthermore, the synergistic action of both B and V dopants accelerates the desorption of adsorbed hydrogen intermediates. The B, V-Ni2P electrocatalyst, owing to the synergistic effect of both dopants, exhibits remarkable durability while achieving a current density of -100 mA cm-2 at a low overpotential of only 148 mV. The B,V-Ni2 P compound functions as the cathode within alkaline water electrolyzers (AWEs) and anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs). A remarkable aspect of the AEMWE is its stable performance, allowing for current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm-2 at cell voltages of 178 and 192 V, respectively. Concurrently, the constructed AWEs and AEMWEs also illustrate outstanding results in the full seawater electrolysis operation.

Smart nanosystems, capable of overcoming the complex biological roadblocks to nanomedicine transport, have captured intense scientific interest in improving the effectiveness of established nanomedicines. While the reported nanosystems often demonstrate varied structures and operations, the understanding of the relevant biological barriers tends to be fragmented and incomplete. The creation of new-generation nanomedicines necessitates a comprehensive summary of biological barriers and how smart nanosystems circumvent them. This review's starting point is the examination of critical biological obstacles to nanomedicine transport, involving blood circulation, tumor accumulation and penetration, cellular absorption, therapeutic agent release, and the ensuing physiological response. Design principles for smart nanosystems, and recent achievements in overcoming biological barriers, are outlined. The predefined physicochemical traits of nanosystems establish their functional roles in biological environments, including obstructing protein uptake, concentrating in tumors, penetrating barriers, entering cells, escaping cellular vesicles, releasing materials precisely, and altering tumor cells and their encompassing microenvironment. The obstacles to clinical approval for smart nanosystems are examined, alongside suggestions for accelerating advancement in nanomedicine. The rationale for the rational design of new nanomedicines for clinical use will be provided in this review.

A clinical goal in osteoporotic fracture prevention is the enhancement of bone mineral density (BMD) locally at sites on the bone particularly prone to fracture. A nano-drug delivery system (NDDS) triggered by radial extracorporeal shock waves (rESW) is developed in this study for localized treatment. The construction of a series of hollow zoledronic acid (ZOL)-filled nanoparticles (HZNs) with adjustable shell thicknesses is predicated on a mechanic simulation. This construction predicts a range of mechanical responsive properties by controlling the deposition time of ZOL and Ca2+ ions on liposome templates. read more The controllable shell thickness allows for precise control of HZN fragmentation and the release of ZOL and Ca2+, all facilitated by rESW intervention. In addition, the distinct influence of HZNs with diverse shell thicknesses on bone metabolism post-fragmentation is confirmed. Co-culture experiments conducted in a controlled laboratory environment demonstrate that, although HZN2 does not exhibit the strongest inhibitory effect on osteoclasts, the most effective pro-osteoblast mineralization is achieved through the preservation of osteoblast-osteoclast interaction. Post-rESW intervention, the HZN2 group demonstrated the strongest local bone mineral density (BMD) enhancement in vivo, and significantly improved bone parameters and mechanical properties in the ovariectomized (OVX) osteoporosis (OP) model. These research findings illuminate the capacity of an adjustable and precise rESW-responsive NDDS to significantly boost local bone mineral density during osteoporosis treatment.

The incorporation of magnetism into graphene structures might trigger uncommon electron states, paving the way for the development of low-power spin logic devices. The ongoing, dynamic advancement of 2D magnets implies their potential pairing with graphene, thereby inducing spin-dependent traits through proximity phenomena. The discovery of submonolayer 2D magnets on industrial semiconductor surfaces, specifically, provides an avenue for the magnetization of graphene, integrated with silicon. Detailed synthesis and characterization of large-area graphene/Eu/Si(001) heterostructures are reported, where graphene is combined with a submonolayer magnetic europium superstructure on silicon. Eu intercalation within the graphene/Si(001) system produces a Eu superstructure exhibiting a distinct symmetry compared to those found on unreconstructed silicon surfaces. The graphene/Eu/Si(001) system exhibits a 2D magnetic response, with the transition temperature finely tuned by applied low magnetic fields. The spin polarization of carriers in the graphene layer is evidenced by the negative magnetoresistance and anomalous Hall effect. Significantly, the graphene/Eu/Si system catalyzes a range of graphene heterostructures, leveraging submonolayer magnets, aimed at the field of graphene spintronics.

Coronavirus disease 2019 can be transmitted through aerosols released during surgical interventions; however, the precise volume of aerosol creation from standard procedures and the accompanying risks remain largely unknown. read more The impact of surgical techniques and instruments on aerosol generation during tonsillectomies was the subject of this detailed study. The results obtained can be integrated into risk assessment strategies for contemporary and future pandemics and epidemics.
Particle concentrations generated during tonsillectomy were quantified using an optical particle sizer, observed from the surgeon's and support staff's viewpoints. read more Coughing, a characteristic event associated with elevated aerosol production, was selected along with the background aerosol concentration in the operating theatre to establish reference values.