“
“Germ cell tumours (GCTs) are a diverse group of neoplasms that can be histologically subclassified as either seminomatous or non-seminomatous. These two subtypes have distinct levels of differentiation and clinical characteristics, the non-seminomatous tumours being associated with poorer prognosis. In this article, we review how different patterns of aberrant DNA methylation relate to these subtypes. Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of all human cancers, but particular subsets of cancers show unusually
high frequencies of promoter region hypermethylation. Such Acalabrutinib in vivo a ‘methylator phenotype’ has been described in non-seminomatous tumours. We discuss the possible cause of distinct methylation profiles in GCTs and the potential of DNA methylation to provide new targets for therapy. We also consider how recent developments in our understanding of this epigenetic modification and the development of genome-wide technologies are shedding new light on the role of DNA methylation in cancer aetiology.”
“The anaphase-promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) orchestrates a meticulously controlled sequence of proteolytic events critical for proper cell cycle progression, the details of which have been most extensively elucidated see more during mitosis. It has become apparent, however, that the APC/C, particularly when acting in concert with its Cdh1 co-activator (APC/C-Cdh1),
executes a staggeringly diverse repertoire of functions that extend its remit well outside the bounds of mitosis. Findings over the past decade have not only earmarked mammalian oocyte buy PF-6463922 maturation as one such case in point but have also begun to reveal a complex pattern of
APC/C regulation that underpins many of the oocyte’s unique developmental attributes. This review will encompass the latest findings pertinent to the APC/C, especially APC/C (Cdh1), in mammalian oocytes and how its activity and substrates shape the stop-start tempo of female mammalian first meiotic division and the challenging requirement for assembling spindles in the absence of centrosomes.”
“Objective. The value of Tissue Inhibitor of MetalloProteinase-1 (TIMP-1) as a biomarker in patients with gastric cancer (GC) is widely debated. The aim of this review is to evaluate available literature describing the association between levels of TIMP-1 in tumor tissue and/or blood and the prognosis of patients suffering from GC. Material and methods. Using the search words ‘TIMP-1′, ‘Gastric Cancer’ and ‘Tumor marker’, a search was carried out on PubMed. Exclusion criteria were articles never published in English, articles from before 1995 and articles evaluating tumor markers other than TIMP-1 in GC. Results. Of initially 50 articles, 17 were found to fulfill the selection criteria and relevant for this study.