However, previous experiments concerning SO coupling are performed far beyond the superconducting state and thus a direct demonstration of how SO coupling affects superconductivity remains elusive. Here we investigate the SO coupling in the critical region of superconducting transition on Al nanofilms, in which the strength of disorder and spin relaxation by SO coupling

are changed by varying the film thickness. At temperatures T sufficiently above the superconducting critical temperature T-c, clear signature of SO coupling reveals itself in showing a magneto-resistivity peak. When T smaller than T-c, the resistivity peak can still be observed; however, its line-shape is now affected by the onset of the quasi two-dimensional superconductivity. JNK-IN-8 MAPK inhibitor By studying such magneto-resistivity peaks under different strength of spin relaxation, we selleck products highlight the important effects of SO interaction

on superconductivity.”
“From finding food to choosing mates, animals must make intertemporal choices that involve fitness benefits available at different times. Species vary dramatically in their willingness to wait for delayed rewards. Why does this variation across species exist? An adaptive approach to intertemporal choice suggests that time preferences should reflect the temporal problems faced in a species’s environment. Here, I use phylogenetic regression to test whether allometric factors relating to body size, relative brain size and social group size predict how long 13 primate species will wait in laboratory intertemporal choice tasks. Controlling Temsirolimus in vivo for phylogeny, a composite allometric factor that includes body mass, absolute brain size, lifespan and home range size predicted waiting times,

but relative brain size and social group size did not. These findings support the notion that selective pressures have sculpted intertemporal choices to solve adaptive problems faced by animals. Collecting these types of data across a large number of species can provide key insights into the evolution of decision making and cognition.”
“Introduction Long-term morbidity associated with survival from childhood cancer is well defined. Traditional models of hospital-based long-term aftercare are not sustainable and may not be necessary for all. A programme to support development and implementation of redesigned care pathways is reported. Method Application of service improvement methodologies to identify the case for change, to evidence development of, and test, new aftercare pathways. Results Four models of aftercare were identified; traditional cancer centre-delivered medical follow-up, shared care with local hospitals or primary care, specialist nurse-led supported management and self-management.