The same type of stent and filter EPD was used Filters were coll

The same type of stent and filter EPD was used. Filters were collected and, after macroscopic evaluation, they were examined using the Thin-Prep (R) liquid-based cytology (LBC) technique.

Results: Technical success was 100%. Thirty-day stroke and death rates were 1.8% (1/53) and 0%, respectively. Visible debris was detected in

eight (15%) filters, whereas LBC revealed the presence of embolic material particles in 30 filters (56.6%). The presence of embolic material into the filter MRT67307 EPD was 2.38-fold increased for every category change from type IV to type I carotid plaques (OR = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.15-4.93). This association remained robust even after adjustment for age, gender and known atherosclerotic disease risk factors (OR = 2.26, 95%CI = 1.02-5.02). In multivariate analysis LY2090314 in vitro for risk factors, hypertension was associated with increased presence of embolic material detection in filter EPD (OR = 20.4, 95%CI = 1.28-326.1). The time distance from symptom to CAS was inversely correlated with debris quantity in EPD (Spearman rho 0.716; p = 0.02).

Conclusions: Echolucent plaques, smaller time frame from last symptom and hypertension

were associated with increased presence of embolic material. (C) 2012 European Society for Vascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose of review

The present review provides an update on the recent literature regarding disease-specific issues in lung transplantation. Some of the published data will help refine previously Published candidate selection criteria and

provide evidence-based data for choice of procedures.

Recent findings

Recent studies on lung transplant outcomes in older patients underline that satisfactory MK-2206 research buy results can be obtained in patients older than 60 years but not in patients older than 70 years. Data from two large registry-based studies indicate that bilateral lung transplantation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease confers significantly longer survival than single lung transplantation, especially in patients younger than 60 years. Mathematical models to estimate survival benefit in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease lung transplant candidates have been developed and are being validated. The impact of Bee colonization in cystic fibrosis patients on outcome has been nuanced; thus, cystic fibrosis lung transplant candidates colonized by particular Bcc strains may be transplanted with good outcomes. Novel surgical approaches to peculiar situations in end-stage cystic fibrosis have been described. Candidate selection criteria for retransplantation procedures have further been clarified.

Summary

This article attempts to provide an overview of some of the currently important topics for clinicians involved in referring and evaluating patients with end-stage lung disease for lung transplantation in 2009.

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