schweinitzii based on morphology, however molecular phylogenetic

schweinitzii based on morphology, however molecular phylogenetic analyses (Kuhls et al. 1997; Druzhinina et al. 2012) did not support a separation and Samuels et al. (1998) could not confirm a difference in phenotype between strains derived from H. schweinitzii and MK5108 Trichoderma strains, selleck chemicals including the ex-type culture of T. citrinoviride. Samuels et al. (1998) redescribed the Trichoderma and Hypocrea morphs. The teleomorph is only known from North America and Europe (Samuels et al. 1998; Jaklitsch 2011). Species having

equally black or very dark stromata are H. novae-zelandiae and T. pseudokoningii, both with primarily Australasian distribution. While T. citrinoviride is isolated from a diversity of substrata around the world (Turner et al. 1997), it appears to be more common in soil isolations in temperate countries. Hoyos-Carvajal et al. (2009) did not report it from Colombia or adjacent countries and we did not find it in soils from extensive isolations

TPCA-1 made in Amazonian Peru or from Cameroon (Samuels and Arevalo, unpubl.; Samuels and Tondje, unpubl.), but it was detected in a riparian forest in south temperate Uruguay (Turner et al. 1997). Blaszczyk et al. (2011) found it to be common in forest soil, wood in forests and mushroom compost in Poland. Cellulases produced by strains identified as this species have been utilized in bioconversion (Guerra et al. 2006; Chandra et al. 2009a, b, 2010) but the species is capable of growing and sporulating at human body temperature and thus extreme care must be taken if its conidia eltoprazine are to be mass-produced. For a description see Bissett (1984, 1991c), Gams and Bissett (1998), Samuels et al. (1998), and http://​nt.​ars-grin.​gov/​taxadescriptions​/​keys/​trichodermaindex​.​cfm. 5. Trichoderma effusum Bissett, Kubicek & Szakacs, Can. J. Bot. 81: 575 (2003). Figures 2d and 7. Fig. 7 Trichoderma effusum. a–i Conidiophores. j Phialides and aphanophialides in immersed hyphae. k Conidia. All from SNA. All from DAOM 230007. Scale bars: a = 0.5 mm; b–e, g–i, k = 10 μm; f, j = 20 μm Teleomorph: none known Ex-type culture:

DAOM 230007 = TUB F-354 Typical sequences: ITS AF149858, tef1 AF510432 This species is known only from a single soil isolation made at an elevation of 2,800 m in the Himalayan Mountains of India (Kullnig et al. 2000, as T. sp. 2 or Trichoderma sp. TUB F-354). Although gross colony characters on PDA are typical of Trichoderma the morphology of this species is atypical in the genus in the production of ‘aphanophialides’ (Gams 1971), short spur-like phialidic openings formed on hyphae (Fig. 7c, f, g), the lack of any extensively and regularly branched conidiophore, conidia that are much larger than usual in the genus, and in the production of conidia from hyphae immersed in agar. The arrangement of solitary, more or less cylindrical phialides along hyphae is at least reminiscent of other members of the Longibrachiatum Clade. Trichoderma effusum forms a clade with T.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

*

You may use these HTML tags and attributes: <a href="" title=""> <abbr title=""> <acronym title=""> <b> <blockquote cite=""> <cite> <code> <del datetime=""> <em> <i> <q cite=""> <strike> <strong>